Introduction to digital electronics:

Decimal Number System: Numbers that we use in our day-to-day life are called decimal numbers or numbers that is formed with (0-9) numbers. Base of decimal number is 10 for example (255)₁₀. Means 255 is a decimal number and base of it is 10. Decimal numbers are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 total 10 numbers. That is why base of decimal numbers is 10.

Binary Number System: This number system is used in computers. Binary means two. There are two binary numbers 0 and 1. 0 means off position of switch and 1 means on position of any switch. You may also consider 1 means (high) and 0 means (low). This high and low belongs to voltage. 0 means low voltage and one means high voltage. Previously in computers for this purpose mechanical switches are used but transistors can do this work too.

0- Low-off

1- High-on

Base of binary numbers is two. For example (1101)₂.

Bit: Bit is a short form of binary digits. (1100)₂ has four bits that is one one zero zero. 101 has three bits, one zero one. These bits may be either 0 or one.

Nibble: Four bits make one nibble for example (1100)₂ is a nibble.

Byte: One byte comprises of 8 bits (binary digits). For example (10110011)₂ is 8 bits means one byte.

Kilo Byte (KB): 1024 bytes make one-kilo byte (KB).

Mega Byte (MB): 1024 KB make one mega byte (MB). For example floppy comes in two capacities like 1.44 MB, 1.2 MB etc.

Giga Byte(MB): 1024 MB make one Giga byte (GB).

Tera Byte(TB): 1024 GB make one Tera byte (TB).

Peta Byte(PB): 1024 TB make one Peta byte (PB).

Exa Byte (EB): 1024 PB make one Exa byte (EB).

Zetta Byte (ZB): 1024 EB make one Zetta byte (ZB).

Yotta Byte (YB): 1024 ZB make one Yotta Byte (YB).